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{"id":9169,"date":"2018-06-08T06:28:26","date_gmt":"2018-06-08T10:28:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/?p=9169"},"modified":"2018-06-08T06:28:26","modified_gmt":"2018-06-08T10:28:26","slug":"functional-threshold-training-intervals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/2018\/06\/08\/functional-threshold-training-intervals\/","title":{"rendered":"Functional Threshold Power Training Intervals"},"content":{"rendered":"

Functional threshold power intervals are the staple of any build program.\u00a0 While VO2 max is the genetic parameter<\/a> that determines your body's upper limit of aerobic fitness, functional threshold is the parameter that determines how much (or what percentage) you can use.<\/p>\n

How do you build Functional Threshold Power?<\/h2>\n

Functional Threshold Power really is what most people try to improve in a training program.\u00a0 While efficiency plays a role and VO2 max capacity is important, FTP is the big comparison number.\u00a0 Well, W\/Kg really is the king, but FTP is the most well known and compared in amateur circles.<\/p>\n

That said, how do\u00a0we go about improving FTP?\u00a0 Well, you have to have the VO2 max ceiling first<\/a>.\u00a0 Once you have that, the goal is to force your body to work right at or just above FTP to create endurance adaptations.\u00a0 You can do that in a number of different ways, each with their own outcomes.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\nhttps:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/tailwindcoachingpodcast\/p\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/FTPtraining.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div>

\"Group<\/a>FTP Intervals<\/h2>\n

The bread and butter of most FTP building programs are long-form FTP intervals.\u00a0 If you're thinking of the traditional “2 by 20 Tuesday” workout, you'd be on the right track.\u00a0 These kinds of intervals do more than just challenging your body to build power at your threshold.\u00a0 They train your\u00a0body to ENDURE consistent power output at threshold, and that's the key to these longer intervals.<\/p>\n

To understand what I mean, let's take two riders, one with an FTP of 300 watts and one with an FTP of 320 watts.\u00a0 Both have tested their FTP via the typical 20 to 30 minute FTP test.\u00a0 Yes, I can hear you already:\u00a0 “Back in your W\/Kg podcast<\/a> you said W\/Kg was more important than FTP!”\u00a0 Ok, that's a good point, but let's assume a flat race course and no wind resistance, ok?<\/p>\n

After 3 hours of racing, rider A manages to break away from the field and ride away for the win, while rider B can't hold his wheel.\u00a0 Why?\u00a0 Simple: endurance.\u00a0 Rider A may have a lower FTP value, but their endurance at that FTP is greater.\u00a0 This means they can consistently ride at FTP without wearing down over the course of a race.<\/p>\n

So it seems like FTP intervals should be a staple of your training right?\u00a0 Absolutely, and here's how you do it:<\/p>\n

FTP Training Variations<\/h3>\n

The first FTP interval training variation involves the “sweetspot”.\u00a0 You'll execute your 2 by 20-minute interval at your functional threshold power and your sweetspot cadence.\u00a0 This is a self-selected gear and cadence that lets you ride right at your functional threshold power (from 95% to 105% of your tested FTP number).\u00a0 These intervals are designed purely for endurance purposes and will set your body up to handle repeated efforts at your threshold.<\/p>\n

They're easy to do too: find a stretch of road without a lot of bumps or variations and knock out 2 intervals of 20 minutes each.\u00a0 Keep your intensity around 95% to 105% of your tested FTP number and let your cadence do what feels natural.<\/p>\n

The second variation I use all the time is the FTP\/ME variation.\u00a0 In this variation, you combine traditional aerobic FTP level training with a significant dose of Muscular Endurance training<\/a>.\u00a0 In a lot of cases, this “double duty” interval is significantly harder than a traditional “sweetspot” FTP interval because it requires a lot of pedal tension at a relatively high power output.\u00a0 By training the fatigue resistance capacity of your muscles at threshold, you'll be able to make those big accelerations later on in events and have the endurance to climb effectively late into long rides.<\/p>\n

Just like the sweetspot intervals, you'll look for terrain that affords you a pair of 20-minute intervals at 95-105% of your tested FTP number.\u00a0 In this case, you'll keep your cadence between 65 and 75 RPM for the whole interval time.\u00a0 And I'm positive your legs will be burning afterwards.<\/p>\n

\"Lactic<\/p>\n

Over\/Unders or Lactate Shuttling (narrow range and wide range)<\/h2>\n

Before we get into Over\/Under intervals, we need to talk about lactate shuttling.\u00a0 Lactate shuttling is the process of moving lactate from the producing tissues (working skeletal muscles) into other body tissues for use as fuel (such as your heart and brain.)\u00a0 This process is at odds with the traditional view that lactate is a “waste product.”\u00a0 On the contrary, it's an important fuel for your heart during exercise.\u00a0 It's also quickly fed back into your mitochondria to be oxidized into pyruvate and NADH for the citric acid cycle<\/a> and electron transport chain<\/a>.\u00a0 That means it's an integral part of aerobic metabolism and helping maintain aerobic endurance.<\/p>\n

Now that you have an idea of why lactate is so important, here's what you do with that information: you do lactate shuttling, otherwise known as over\/unders.\u00a0 These intervals have one goal: load up your body with an abundance of lactate to stimulate the proliferation of lactate transporter proteins.\u00a0 The general theory here is that by overloading your tissues with more lactate than they can handle, your body will become more efficient at utilizing it.<\/p>\n

Here's how you do it:<\/p>\n

Over\/Under Variations<\/h3>\n

Prepare yourself for a minimum of 15 minutes worth of work.\u00a0 Spend a minute at a higher intensity (around 125% of FTP), which is enough to really pile on the lactate.\u00a0 Then drop back to around 80% of threshold (yep, that zone 3 dead zone) and keep pedaling for 2 minutes.\u00a0 Repeat 5 times.\u00a0 As you get stronger, add more reps to the interval so you get a bigger training load.<\/p>\n

Alternatively, you can do the more common “minute on\/minute off” routine.\u00a0 Generally, these involve going 10% over threshold and recovering 10% below threshold, 1 minute on, 1 minute off for a minumum of 10 minutes (or 5 reps.)\u00a0 You can add more reps as you get stronger as well.<\/p>\n

Both of these have the benefit of creating lactate buildup and challenging your endurance capacity significantly.\u00a0 By increasing your mitochondrial density and efficiency<\/a>, they build power at your threshold.\u00a0 Once you're done with a block of these over\/under intervals, your\u00a0average<\/em> intensity should be right around your tested FTP number.\u00a0 These intervals do have a secondary factor of increasing your repeatability<\/a> and the ability to handle multiple higher intensity efforts, both through physiological and psychological means.<\/p>\n

Zone 5 repeatability<\/h2>\n

The third way I like to build functional threshold power and endurance is by utilizing some repeatability intervals.\u00a0 Specifically, zone 5 repeatability<\/a> is one of the keys to building solid functional threshold power.\u00a0 By consistently challenging your body to recover while under aerobic pressure, you can stimulate lactate shuttling mechanisms (just like over\/unders) as well as pushing your FTP capacity higher.<\/p>\n

These zone 5 repeat intervals are a hybrid between FTP intervals and VO2 max intervals<\/a>.\u00a0 So if you refer back to my podcast on “Two Keys to Building Functional Threshold Power<\/a>” you'll know that VO2 max is the fitness ceiling that your body bumps up against when training.\u00a0 By training at VO2 max, you stimulate AMPK<\/a> which stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis.\u00a0 If you perform your recovery intervals at or around your FTP, you stimulate PCG1-alpha, again stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis.\u00a0 The difference between this and straight FTP intervals, however, is the stimulation of the lactate shuttling proteins in your muscle cells.<\/p>\n

By adding these, you not only learn to handle repeated accelerations and changes in pace, you'll be constantly stimulating your body to build more mitochondria, and thus, greater endurance capacity.\u00a0 You'll also start wearing down your anaerobic work capacity and fully stimulate your body to tap into aerobic energy systems<\/a> to handle your interval load.<\/p>\n

Here's what a Z5R interval looks like:<\/p>\n

\"3s<\/a>Zone 5 Repeat Variations<\/h3>\n

You'll prep for a block of about 15 minutes of work.\u00a0 Start out with 30 seconds around 115-120% of FTP, then recover for a minute at your FTP.\u00a0 Repeat 10 times for 15 minutes total.\u00a0 When you're done, your average power for the interval should be around 105-107% FTP.\u00a0 That's just a hair over what your FTP interval should be overall, and it's easier to reach that number in small chunks as opposed to one single, long one.<\/p>\n

If you want to add some variation to this, you can bring pedal stroke work or standing into the equation as well.\u00a0 By using just an increase in cadence to get up to the 115% value for the 30-second interval<\/a>, you'll stimulate an increase in pedal stroke efficiency.\u00a0 If you jump out of the saddle and push a bigger gear out of the saddle, you'll add some additional aerobic stress on your body (just watch your heart rate rise) and train your ability to get your heart rate down after repeated efforts.<\/p>\n

How Much FTP Training Can I Do?<\/h2>\n

FTP training is one of those things that you have some freedom to play with.\u00a0 It's not as hard as VO2 max work<\/a>, so you don't need to fear burnout as easily<\/a>.\u00a0 You do need to be cautious about the volume of your FTP training, though.\u00a0 Excessive time spent at 100% of FTP without any variation will lead to staleness and turn you into a “one-speed” rider.\u00a0 Remember, the body thrives on variety, so mixing in a combination of functional threshold power intervals, sweetspot training<\/a>, and high intensity interval work<\/a> will ensure your body gets the most out of your FTP training.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Functional threshold power is one of the hallmarks of good cycling fitness. FTP intervals come in many varieties, but some are better than others. In this podcast, I’ll explain the science behind my favorite FTP training intervals and give you some great workouts to try out!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,205,85,25,106],"tags":[175,178,183,68],"yst_prominent_words":[5489,5496,5497,5494,4977,5031,5499,223,215,5500,788,5134,5492,5490,233,221,5501,225,5498,1137],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"No"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Functional-Threshold-Power-training-intervals.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9169"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9169"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13646,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9169\/revisions\/13646"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9169"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailwind-coaching.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=9169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}